MAJOR ISSUES
Caught through Finger Print
SUCCESS STORIES OF C.F.P.B. EXPERTS IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS
Readers can have a glimpse of success stories w.r.t. fingerprint cases solved by C.F.P.B. experts in the past five years from 2010 to 2014
I. INTERPOL CASES
Identification of an International Fugitive wanted for Homicide in Colombia (South America): CFPB Case Ref. No. 203/2010
A high priority request for identification of an international fugitive, was received from the O/o the AD (Interpol), CBI, NCB-India, on 04th August 2010. The documents forwarded to CFPB/NCRB consisted of two copies of messages received from Interpol Colombia (South America), with an identification sheet containing demographical details as well as a fingerprint of one BARRIOS GUARIN Jose Mauricio (Colombian Citizen, ID No. 79705615, D.O.B. 14.02.1976) and a 10-digit fingerprint slip of one MAITA RODRIGUEZ Perd Alejandro. The Interpol had requested CFPB to compare single finger print with those on 10-digit fingerprint slip. After meticulous manual comparison of fingerprints on the two documents by Shri S. P. Singh, Inspector, now Dy. Supdt. (F.P.), ascertained that the single fingerprint of BARRIOS GUARIN Jose Mauricio was IDENTICAL with the Right Index (RI) finger impression present on the specimen 10-digit F.P. slip of MAITA RODRIGUEZ Perd Alejandro, hence the two finger prints were found to be of one and the same person. The result of comparison was forwarded to AD (Interpol), CBI- NCB India, New Delhi, in record time. Sh. S.P. Singh, Dy. Supdt. (FP), CFPB has also published a number of Scientific Research Papers on Fingerprints, Criminology, Forensic & Police Science etc, which are available on CFPB webpage.Detection of Criminal Antecedents: CFPB Case Ref. No. 224/2011
A fingerprint slip pertaining to one Singh Iqbal was forwarded by Interpol, London to CBI, New Delhi and was received at CFPB, NCRB, New Delhi for search in the available database. The search slip was processed in FACTS (CFPB-AFIS) and was found to be a ‘trace’ against a record slip archived with CFPB PIN 604744. The successful search brought to light the criminal antecedents of the subjected person, who was convicted in pursuance of criminal case registered vide FIR No. 34 dated 24.09.1996 in the court of SDJM, Nabha on 20.09.2000 U/s 324/34 IPC. The CFPB team which successfully tracing of the Interpol search slip consisted of Inspectors (F.P) Shri P.K.Mishra, Shri Anil Gaynar, and Smt. S. Indira Sudha.II. CASES / REQUESTS FROM OTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
Identification request from NIA, Guwahati, Assam: CFPB F.P. D. Case No. 11/2013
The NIA supected that N.Shanti Metei chief of PREPAK (UPPK), a banned terrorist organization active in anti-national activities was using forged documents, and false identities, for the purchase immovable properties in India and abroad. Thorough comparison of the fingerprints of T. Hemanta Sharma on land agreements, sale deeds etc, and specimen fingerprints of N.Shanti Metei, led to conclusion that the prints were IDENTICAL, thus proving that N.Shanti Metei used psydonym for illegal purchases. The efforts of Shri P.S. Gulati, Inspector, now Dy. Supdt. (F.P.) assisited NIA in its persuit for identification of a dreaded terrorism.CFPB Experts assisted Regional Provident Fund Organization (RPFO) in Detecting Dishonest Employer: CFPB F.P. Document Case No. 21/2012
The case was regarding non-extension of PF benefits to 1200 workers by a construction company, covered under Employees Provident Fund & MP Act 52. The RPFE authorities observed that the record containing the muster roll having names, payment details, thumb impressions of workers, submitted by the company are at variance with the norms, thus requested CFPB/NCRB to examine the case in detail, and furnish opinion on fingerprints thereof. The expert in the bureau examined the documents containing large number of thumb impressions, of which many were of extremely poor quality, and found major discrepancies in the finger impressions of the workers employed by them. The sincere efforts of Shri Ram Ranjan Sharma, Inspector (FP) in cracking the case assisted the RPFO authorities to implicate deceitful employer who manipulated the documents with ulterior motives.Impersonation in the Pre-medical Examination detected with Fingerprints: CFPB F.P. Document Case No. 17/2013
A finger print document case was received from the Hon’ble CJM, Pouri Garhwal, for experts’ opinion, along with the following original documents - Attendance sheet of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, Pre-medical Test sheets of 2011 bearing roll nos. 313813 to 313817, and two specimen finger print slips of one Yusuf Alam S/o Farookh Ahmed. This case was registered vide Cr. No. 10/12 u/s 8,419,420,467,468 & 471 IPC, at PS Srinagar, Janpad Pouri Garhwal. The CFPB experts’ task was to detect whether Yusuf Alam impersonated for one Haripal, in Pre-medical Test - 2011. The case was examined with the help of scientific aids, and it was opined that LTI (left thumb impression) taken against the Roll no. 313815 of Haripal at the examination centre is identical with that of Yusuf Alam. It was because of the efforts of Shri Udham Singh, Inspector (FP), CFPB, that an impersonator was identified.Impersonation/cheating in the recruitment process of the Ordnance Factory: Document Case Nos. 22/2013 & 03/2014
The authorities at the Ordnance Factory, Ministry of Defense, Raipur, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, doubted the authenticity of the final list of 54-candidates selected through written and trade tests conducted by them. The CFPB was sent finger prints of all the 54-provisionally selected candidates, for comparison to know whether there were any cases of impersonation. After thorough examination, the expert in the Bureau was able to discern, that in three cases the finger impressions were different, from one another, indicating impersonation on the part of the candidates. Sh. Mukesh Kumar, Inspector (FP), CFPB examined the case.Identification of Unknown Dead Body (UDB): CFPB FACTS Case Srl. No. 17/2014
A total of 55 fingerprint slips for establishing identity were received in FACTS (CFPB-AFIS) from Haridwar, Uttarakhand State police Department. The slips carried fingerprints of Unidentified Dead Bodies (UDBs). Majority of fingerprints were faint, smudged, or partial. All the slips required additional computer based enhancement efforts to make them decipherable for comparison by the system. Out of the 55 slips, one unidentified dead body fingerprint slip matched with the slip of one Jamil S/o. Mustaq of P.S. Kithore, Meerut, U.P. The successful input of UDB Fingerprint slip (CFPB PIN No. 90440105) followed by trace with slip bearing PIN 90423149, revealed the following antecedents of the subjected person - Jamil was convicted in pursuance of criminal case registered vide FIR No. 60 dated 19-03-2013 U/S 363 IPC of ODRS police station. Smt. S. Indira Sudha, Inspector (FP), CFPB was actively involved in the process of identification of the UDB.Five thousand finger impressions for examination from Income Tax Department
A mammoth case for finger print examination was received at CFPB from Shri P.K. Sharma, Dy. Commission of Income Tax, Circle-12 (i), New Delhi with original registers of `Wages & Labour' comprising 62 pages of A-5 size, and 128 pages of A-4 size (total 190) bearing more than 5000 finger prints for examination. The case was examined by Shri S.K. Tiwari, Inspector (F.P.) and the opinion was given in record time, to fulfill the needs of Income Tax Department.Fraudulent withdrawal of money: CFPB F.P. Document Case No. 13/2014
A document case received from Sr. Supdt. of Post Offices, Koraput Division, Jeypore (K), Odisha, dated 04.09.2014 regarding one Shri Sushanta Majhi (illiterate person) holding an SB Account No. 7101564 at Ambadola Sub-Post office. A sum of Rs. 9000/- was withdrawn on 26.04.2008, and Rs.19000/-on 22.02.2011 from his SB Account fraudulently. After comparing questioned fingerprints on the withdrawal slips with the ten digit specimen finger print slip, provided by the post office, it was found that the finger impressions did not belong to that of Shri Sushanta Majhi (actual account holder). Thus it became apparent that the money was withdrawn twice by two different individuals, and not by the genuine account holder. The case was examined by Shri Pawan Kumar Mishra, Inspector (FP), CFPB.Debt Recovery Tribunal Case: CFPB F.P. Document Case No. 4/2010
A person secured the loan of Rs.9.00 lakh from SBI, Jagatpur, Cuttack, Odisha by mortgaging a piece of property as collateral. When he failed to return the loan, the bank initiated the process to impound the mortgaged property. Only then, the bank realized that the property actually belonged to a 70-year old widow, which was mortgaged without her consent or knowledge by the applicant for loan. The elderly lady was the mother of a friend of the accused, and on realizing the fraud she made a plea before the honorable Debt Recovery Tribunal to verify the finger impressions taken on the mortgaged deeds, which were submitted before the lending agency to secure the loan. Interestingly the finger impressions, 63 in total, taken on each page of the deed as testimony, were of extremely poor quality, perhaps, recorded in such manner, deliberately. After a close scrutiny only two finger prints were found to be of some utility, though they too were partial. Nevertheless, the impressions were photographed carefully in CFPB photo-lab; the finger impressions of elderly widow recorded before the tribunal, were compared and found to be different with the finger impressions taken on the mortgaged deeds. Sh. Shibajee Tripathy, Inspector (F.P.), CFPB examined the case and detected impersonation.
The AAP manifesto may have talked at length about “a flexible and fair labour policy” and regularisation of contract workers, but for a vast section of daily wage-earners, such promises hold no meaning. Devanik Saha talks to one to find out why.
Post the Lok Sabha election results in May 2014, the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), which surprised everyone by winning 28 seats in its debut election in Delhi in December 2013, had lost its relevance.
At this juncture, it was expected that Delhi would go to polls soon and AAP’s existence would be reduced to rubble. However, elections were delayed, and while BJP was busy basking in its Lok Sabha glory and the subsequent successes in Haryana and Maharashtra, AAP went back to the streets and initiated the Delhi Dialogue program, which focused on numerous one-on-one interactions as well as debates with general masses on the various issues concerning citizens.
This formed the base for AAP’s 70 point manifesto for the Delhi elections which was on the face of it, extremely comprehensive. At first glance, the problems of every section of society seem to have been covered and deliberated upon. And yet for the many migrant casual labourers in the city and its neighbourhood, the new government’s promises do not hold much hope.
The invisible makers of the city
Take the case of 44-year-old Anil Kumar, who hangs around near Ashram Chowk in South-East Delhi for 4-5 hours every day in the hope that someone will provide him some work, enabling him to make ends meet for himself and his family. Kumar is just one of the many labourers belonging to varying age groups who loiter at the Chowk in their quest for daily work.
Where dreams turn sour
Originally from Rajapur Village, Bhadohi district, Uttar Pradesh, Kumar has had a rough past. To support his family, he dropped out from school when he was in the fifth standard and started weaving carpets from an early age, which required him to work 12-13 hours a day. Bhadohi is known as the carpet city as it is home to the largest hand-knotted carpet weaving industry hubs in South Asia. Cases of child labour and forced slavery are rampant, though Kumar does not recall being forced into it.
Asked about his childhood, he says, “You must be knowing about the widespread poverty in UP. I liked going to school but since we didn’t have money, I started working from an early age. But there were many days when we didn’t have money to buy food and hence we all slept hungry”.
After spending 13 long years weaving carpets, however, he realised that the job demanded too much but paid little. Being from UP, he always believed that Delhi was the place to be if one wanted to become financially stable. But even after reaching the capital, after a seven-year intermediate stint in Goa, things did not look rosy for Kumar.
Cheated by a big contractor named Bablu, Kumar tried his hand at running flower shops at various locations in Delhi, where he was regularly heckled by policemen for bribes. Disillusioned and dejected, he decided to return to the life of daily wage labour again. With a heavy voice he said “No one wants to live like this but I do not have any option. What else will I do?"
Anil Kumar's Delhi dreams have been shattered and he plans to return to his village soon. Pic: Devanik Saha
Tales such as this are not rare to come by. As Kumar himself points out, most daily labourers do not get more then 14-15 days of work (Rs 300/day) in a month, which means that they do not earn more than Rs 4500-4700/month. “The issue is that there are so many labourers but very little work. At Ashram, there are at least 35-40 labourers who come searching for work every day.
With employment difficult to secure, shelter is precarious too. The Delhi Urban Shelter Improvement Board manages 272 night shelters called “Rain Basera” at various locations in Delhi in collaboration with NGOs. The Baseras collectively house around 6000 people every day. Kumar pays Rs 5 a night to sleep at the Basera in Sarai Kale Khan, a place notable for its inter-state bus terminal, three kilometers away from Ashram Chowk.
Kumar says “The Basera is a shelter for homeless people and daily labourers like me, who come from far-away places and do not have any house. Facilities at the Basera are pathetic, but I have no other option.” He adds that this is the plight of almost every labourer with whom he works or stays with at the Basera.
Kumar has now given up on his dream to live and stay in Delhi happily. “I plan to go back to my village in the next two months. I imagined that I would have a good life in Delhi and earn enough for me and my family, but it is not working for me anymore. My village is much better than this. At least, my family will be there to support me in times of need and distress.”
Who will address their woes?
Kumar’s tale and of others like him takes one back to the promises made by the AAP government over regularisation of workers in the unorganised sector.
Point 48 of the AAP manifesto placed emphasis on social security for labour, promising that the party would “implement a flexible and fair labour policy. Our policy will ensure social security for workers in the unorganized sector; regulate wages, services and working hours of domestic workers and improve work conditions of rag pickers. Local Mohalla Sabhas will provide licences to street vendors and hawkers in designated spaces.”
Later in the document, Point 66 assured that “AAP will end contractualisation in “safai karamchari” posts and will regularize existing employees. Workers who enter sewers will be provided with protective gear, masks and appropriate equipment. Like fire fighters, they will receive medical insurance. To help in their career advancement, safai karamcharis will be provided assistance in education and training. On the death of a “safai karamchari” on duty, Rs. 50 lakh will be given to the bereaved family.”
While these manifesto points initially raised hope, a deeper exploration shows that they are in fact quite open ended, with no specific focus on labourers like Kumar. The primary difference between such workers and contractual workers mentioned in the manifesto points is that of continuity. Contractual workers aren’t entitled to any job benefits, but since they are employed by corporations and government bodies, they have a regular flow of work and money.
Daily wage-earners loiter around Ashram Chowk in Delhi in search of work. Pic: Devanik Saha
This leaves a large population of daily wage earners outside the social security net, with unassured employment and income. Rwitwika Bhattacharya, Founder, Swaniti Initiative, and a former World Bank professional, who has worked extensively on labour economics and policies, explains, "Employment/job creation is the result of a confluence of factors and one of the major assumptions we make is that our work force has the labour skills to be absorbed. One of the most significant issues is that we have a lot of people in rural or peri-urban areas who have marginal or no skills, and hence it is difficult for them to get jobs. The result is that we have tremendous migration happening from these areas to the cities in search of work."
This naturally brings us to the question, what can be done to improve the lot of these workers? The need for creation of rural employment to stem the tide of migration is important, but any prescient individual or authority will acknowledge the equal, if not greater, importance of devising employment policies for the urban poor and migrant population. A UN-backed report estimates the population in Indian towns and cities to reach 600 million by 2031, driving home yet again the importance of addressing the concerns over absorption of and social security for migrant workers in the cities.
Coming back to Delhi, the AAP government’s commitment to development and openness to new ideas has been partially borne out by initiatives such as India’s first e-ration card service, recently launched by the chief minister, Arvind Kejriwal.
But if it really wishes to live up to its promises towards the ‘aam aadmi’ in general and workers in the unorganised sector in particular, it must come up with a better plan to provide regular employment and better working and living conditions for the many daily wage earners in the city.
Bhattacharya adds, “The larger issue is that daily wage labourers aren’t unionised; neither do they bring votes for election candidates. Since these labourers are mainly migrants and do not get to vote in the cities they work in, their voices are barely heard. A good solution would be to unionise these labourers, which will enable them to fight for their rights and compel politicians to take them seriously.”
Soldiers sacrifice is Supreme , pay 5 Crores compensation , demand by Dr Anthony Raju , Advocate and Global Chairman - All India Council of Human Rights , Liberties and Social Justice AICHLS.
When we shower crores of rupees on Players , Cricketers , foreign trips , why we can pay 5 Crors to the brave solders who has made supreme sacrifice for the country.
We request all the big players may be Mr Sachin Tendulakar or Mr Amitabh Bachchan or Mr Ambani to open their heartr and support financially to these Real Heros.
Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar today announced Rs. 5 lakh award for each of the three soldiers, hailing from Bihar, who were killed in the terror attack at an army base in Uri sector of Jammu and Kashmir.
The Chief Minister also announced that his government would accord full state honour to the three soldiers - SK Vidyarthi, Rakesh Singh and Ashok Kumar Singh - who belonged to the Bihar regiment.
While expressing his sadness over the attack on the army base, Mr Singh said: "The country will always remember their martyrdom."
He also offered his condolences to the families of the three soldiers, adding that the entire state shared their sorrow.
In Boknari village of Gaya, an angry Kiran Devi, the wife of SK Vidyarthi, demanded action against the men who killed her husband. Her daughter Aarti Kumari said that her father died a martyr, and that India must give a befitting reply to Pakistan.
Family members of Rakesh Singh of Nuwan village in Kaimur district and Ashok Kumar Singh of Ara in Bhojpur district remembered the two soldiers with teary eyes and pride in their sense of duty.
The bodies of the three soldiers are expected to reach Patna on Monday evening, from where they would be taken to their respective homes.
The minister in-charge of Kaimur and Gaya district would be present at the cremation of Rakesh Singh and SK Vidyarthi, while the funeral of Ashok Kumar Singh in Ara would be attended by industries minister Jai Kumar Singh.
Dr Anthony Raju speaks on Transgender Community and their issue in India.
Transgender people come from all walks of life. We are dads and moms, brothers and sisters, sons and daughters. We are your coworkers, and your neighbors. We are 7-year-old children and 70-year-old grandparents. We are a diverse community, representing all racial and ethnic backgrounds, as well as faith backgrounds.
The word “transgender” – or trans – is an umbrella term for people whose gender identity is different from the sex assigned to us at birth. Although the word “transgender” and our modern definition of it only came into use in the late 20th century, people who would fit under this definition have existed in every culture throughout recorded history.
Despite the increased visibility of transgender celebrities like actress Laverne Cox or writer Janet Mock, many Americans still don’t personally know anyone who is transgender – but the number who do is growing rapidly. According to a 2016 survey by Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research, commissioned by the Human Rights Campaign, 35 percent of likely voters in the United States “personally know or work with someone who is transgender.” That's more than double the 17 percent who answered yes when asked the same question in 2014.
Other research suggests that there are at least 700,000 transgender people in the United States, about 0.3 percent of the total population and about 3.5 percent of the LGBTQ community; but these estimates are likely conservative because of the limited amount of studies that have attempted to measure the transgender population.
What does it mean to be transgender?
The transgender community is incredibly diverse. Some transgender people identify as male or female, and some identify as genderqueer, nonbinary, agender, or somewhere else on or outside of the spectrum of what we understand gender to be. Some of us take hormones and have surgery as part of our transition, and some don’t. Some choose to openly identify as transgender, while others simply identify as men or women. For more information on questions you may have about transgender people
In many ways, transgender people are just like cisgender (non-transgender) people; but because of the social stigma surrounding our transgender identity, our community faces a unique set of challenges.
What challenges do transgender people face?
While the visibility of transgender people is increasing in popular culture and daily life, we still face severe discrimination, stigma and systemic inequality. Some of the specific issues facing the transgender community are:
Lack of legal protection : The Supreme Court of India issued a ruling ,recognizing the country's large transgender population as a legal third gender. In so ruling, the court ordered that the government ensure that transgender people are not discriminated against and are eligible for government jobs and education in the same way as it does with other minority groups. It also ordered that the government take steps to promote awareness and to ensure that they are provided with proper medical treatment and public facilities. The landmark two-judge ruling acknowledged the history of marginalization that transgender individuals have faced. "Recognition of transgenders as a third gender is not a social or medical issue but a human rights issue," the opinion stated. India has a long cultural history of recognizing transgender individuals, but their lack of legal recognition has led to discrimination, including prevalent hate crimes.
Poverty– In too many cases, this lack of legal protection translates into unemployment for transgender people. Transgender are living in severe poverty as Dr. Anthony Raju visited the PUNE and met Punna and Team. As anyone who has experienced poverty or unemployment understands, being unable to afford basic living necessities can result in homelessness or lead people to engage in underground economies like drug sales or survival sex work, which can put people at increased risk for violence and arrest.
Harassment and stigma– The LGBTQ community still faces considerable stigma based on over a century of being characterized as mentally ill, socially deviant and sexually predatory. While these flawed views have faded in recent years for lesbians and gay men, transgender people are still often met with ridicule from a society that does not understand us. This stigma plays out in a variety of contexts – leaving us vulnerable to lawmakers who attempt to leverage anti-transgender stigma to score cheap political points; to family, friends or coworkers who reject transgender people upon learning about our transgender identities; and to people who harass, bully and commit serious violence against transgender people.
Anti-transgender violence : The Anti Transgender Violence is the very serious issue in India
Identity Documents – The widespread lack of accurate identity documents among transgender people can have an impact on every area of their lives, including access to emergency housing or other public services. To be clear, without identification, one cannot travel, register for school or access many services that are essential to function in society
While advocates continue working to remedy these disparities, change cannot come too soon for transgender people. Visibility – especially positive images of transgender people in the media and society – continues to make a critical difference for us; but visibility is not enough and comes with real risks to our safety, especially for those of us who are part of other marginalized communities.
That is why the Our Human Rights Movement (HRM) under All India Council of Human Rights, Liberties and Social Justice (AICHLS) is committed to continuing to support and advocate for the transgender community, so that the transgender Indian who are and will become your friends, neighbors, coworkers and family members have an equal chance to succeed and thrive, said Dr Anthony Raju , Advocate , Global Chairman All India Council of Human Rights, Liberties and Social Justice (AICHLS)